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The Royal Society of Chemistry"

o-Formylation of a phenol

SyntheticPage 618

Submitted: July 11, 2013, published: July 15, 2013

Authors

A contribution from 

Reaction Scheme

Chemicals

2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol (Aldrich)
Triethylamine (distilled over calcium hydride)
MgCl2(dry)(Aldrich)
Paraformaldehyde (dry) (Aldrich)
Acetonitrile (distilled over calcium hydride)

Procedure

To 2-tert­-butyl-5-methylphenol (16.5 g, 0.10 mol) in dry acetonitrile (500 ml) under argon was added dry TEA (55 ml), followed by dry MgCl2 (14.4 g, 0.15 mol). The mixture was stirred for 30 min. Dry paraformaldehyde (21 g, 0.70 mol) was added, and the mixture was heated at reflux for 2 h, before being allowed to cool to rt. The product was extracted with Et2O (7 × 100 ml), dried (MgSO4) and filtered through celite. The solvent was then removed in vacuo. Distillation under reduced pressure (125 – 150 °C) yielded the desired product as a yellow-green oil (3.8 g, 18%).

Author Comments

Procedure was carried out under an atmosphere of argon using a dual-manifold vacuum/argon line and standard Schlenk procedures, A very versatlie synthesis we have used to make various salicylaldehydes.

Data

1H NMR 400 MHz (CDCl3): δ ppm 12.76 (s, 1H, OH), 10.29 (s, 1H, Ar–CH=O), 7.38 (d, 1H, ArH, 3JHH = 8 Hz), 6.64 (d, 1H, ArH, 3JHH = 8 Hz), 2.55 (s, 3H, Ar-CH3), 1.43 (s, 9H, C(CH3)3)

 13C{1H} NMR 100 MHz (CDCl3): δ ppm 195.6 (Ar–CH=O), 162.7, 139.5, 136.2, 134.3, 120.9, 118.2 (Ar), 34.4 (C(CH3)3), 29.1 (C(CH3)3), 17.6 (Ar–CH3)

MS (EI+): m/z 192 (M+)

Lead Reference

Acta Chem. Scand., 1999, 53, 258-62.http://dx.doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.53-0258

Other References

Several examples also at Org. Synth, 82, 64 (2005).

Keywords

addition, alcohols, aldehydes, aromatics/arenes, paraformaldehyde