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Alkylation of a Cyclohexylimine with (iodomethyl)dimethylphenylsilane; 3-(dimethyl(phenyl)silyl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one

SyntheticPage 754
DOI: 10.1039/SP754
Submitted Jul 10, 2014, published Aug 11, 2014
Christopher Kelly (christopher.b.kelly@uconn.edu), Michael Mercadante (michael.mercadante@uconn.edu), Nicholas Leadbeater (nicholas.leadbeater@uconn.edu), Leon Tilley (ltilley@stonehill.edu)
A contribution from Tilley Group


			Reaction Scheme: <IMG src="/images/empty.gif">Alkylation of a Cyclohexylimine with <SPAN id=csm1408116068763 class="csm-chemical-name csm-not-validated" title=(iodomethyl)dimethylphenylsilane grpid="1">(iodomethyl)dimethylphenylsilane</SPAN><IMG src="/images/empty.gif">

Chemicals Used

N-(1-Phenylethylidene)cyclohexanamine (Prepared in ChemSpider SyntheticPage 752)
Lithium Diisopropylamide (2.0 M in THF/heptane/ethylbenzene, Sigma Aldrich)
(Iodomethyl)dimethylphenylsilane (Prepared in a forthcoming Chemspider Synthetic Page)
Tetrahydrofuran (CHROMASOLV® Plus, for HPLC, ≥99.9%)
Acetic Acid (Glacial, Certified ACS Plus, Fisher)
Sodium Acetate (ReagentPlus®, ≥99.0% Sigma Aldrich)

Procedure

To a 250 mL round bottom flask equipped with stirbar was added N-(1-Phenylethylidene)cyclohexanamine (13.0 g, 0.064 mol 1 equiv) and THF (18 mL). The flask was sealed with a rubber septum, placed under a nitrogen atmosphere via a nitrogen inlet needle, and stirred via a magnetic stir plate. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0 oC in an ice-water bath for approximately 10 minutes. To this chilled mixture was added a 2 M solution of lithium diisopropylamide1 in THF/ethylbenzene/heptane (35.2 mL, 0.0704 mol, 1.1 equiv) dropwise via a 60 mL syringe.The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 1 hour at 0 oC.3 After this time, (iodomethyl)trimethylsilane  (19.44 g, 0.0704 mol, 1.1 equiv) was added dropwise via a 30 mL syringe. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 1 hour at 0 oC. After this time, the septa was removed and 65 mL of an acetate buffer (32.5 g NaOAc•3H2O, 65 mL HOAc, 65 mL H2O) was added all at once. Initially a precipitate formed but dissolved after stirring for 10 minutes at 0 oC. The reaction mixture was transferred to a large separatory funnel and diluted with pentane4 (≈400 mL) and water (≈100 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted three times with pentane (≈50 mL each). The organic layers were combine and were washed with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution in a separatory funnel (CAUTION: The pentane layer contains some acetic acid. Quenching this with the bicarbonate solution releases CO2 gas and hence the separatory funnel must be vented often to avoid pressure build-up). The washes were continued until no more gas was evolved (roughly three washes of 50 mL each). The organic layer was washed with brine (≈ 200 mL) and dried with Na2SO4. The solvent was removed in vacuo and then purified via vacuum distillation (b.p. 140-143 oC @ 0.10 mmHg) giving the ketone (15.24 g, 88%) as a clear, light yellow oil.

Author's Comments

1. The use of fresh LDA is recommended. Bottles stored for extended periods of time have a tendency to lose activity.
2.  This can be performed relatively fast
3. The reaction will, over time, turn yellow and form a precipitate which can cause the solution to solidify. This has no effect on the reaction success.
4. We initially used ether in these extractions but found that we could mitigate the uptake of acetic acid  by switching to pentane without compromising yield. Hexanes can be used as well although pentane is easier to remove upon rotary evaporation.  

Data

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) d ppm 0.34 (s, 6 H) 1.17 (apparent triplet, J = 8.20 Hz, 2 H) 2.93 (apparent triplet, J = 8.20 Hz, 2 H) 7.36 - 7.39 (m, 3 H) 7.43 (apparent triplet, J = 7.80 Hz, 2 H) 7.50 - 7.57 (m, 3 H) 7.86 - 7.91 (m, 2 H) 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) d ppm -2.89 (CH3) 10.07 (CH2) 33.23 (CH2) 128.08 (CH) 128.21 (CH) 128.69 (CH) 129.28 (CH) 132.98 (CH) 133.77 (CH) 136.90 (C) 138.58 (C) 201.07 (C) GC-MS (EI) 268 ([M]+, 2%), 267 ([M-1]+, 8%), 253 (100%), 191 (56%), 135 (81%), 117 (33%), 105 (26%), 77 (17%), 43 (6%) HRMS (DART) calcd for C17H20OSi [M − H]+: 267.1205, found: 267.1239.

Lead Reference

Mercadante, M.; Kelly, C. B.; Hamlin, T.A., Delle Chiaie, K.; Drago, M.; Duffy, K.; Dumas, M.; Fager, D.; Glod, B.; Hansen, K.; Hill, C.; Leising, R.;  Lynes, C.; MacInnis, A.; McGohey, M.; Murray, S.; Piquette, M.; Roy, S.; Smith, R.; Sullivan, K.; Truong, B.; Gorbatyuk, V.; Vailonis, K.; Leadbeater N. E.; Tilley L. J. Chem. Sci. 2014 DOI: 10.1039/C4SC01732C

Other References

Fleming, I.; Patel, S. K.; Urch, C. J. Chem. Soc. Perk. Trans. I 1989, 115.

Supplementary Information

H NMR (ketonesime2phhnmr.jpg)
C13 NMR (ketonesime2phc13.jpg)

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Keywords: Alkanes, Alkylation, Imines, ketones, Organosilicon